Masana'antar jakar filastik a ranar 30 ga Janairu ta bayyana sadaukarwar son rai don haɓaka abubuwan da aka sake yin fa'ida a cikin buhunan siyayya zuwa kashi 20 cikin 100 nan da 2025 a matsayin wani ɓangare na babban shirin dorewa.

A karkashin shirin, babbar kungiyar cinikayyar Amurka ta masana'antu tana mai da kanta a matsayin American Recyclable Plastic Bag Alliance kuma tana samar da tallafi ga ilimin mabukaci da kuma sanya manufa cewa kashi 95 cikin 100 na buhunan cinikin robobi za a sake amfani da su ko kuma a sake sarrafa su nan da shekarar 2025.

Yaƙin neman zaɓe ya zo ne yayin da masu yin jakar filastik suka fuskanci matsin lamba na siyasa - adadin jihohin da ke da takunkumi ko hani kan buhunan balloon a bara daga biyu a watan Janairu zuwa takwas lokacin da shekarar ta ƙare.

Jami'an masana'antu sun ce shirin nasu ba martani ne kai tsaye ga haramcin da jihar ta yi ba, amma sun amince da tambayoyin jama'a suna rokon su da su kara kaimi.

Matt Seaholm, babban darektan ARPBA, wanda aka fi sani da American Progressive Bag Alliance, ya ce "Wannan tattaunawa ce ta hanyar masana'antu na ɗan lokaci yanzu don saita wasu buƙatun buri na abubuwan da aka sake yin fa'ida."“Wannan shine muke sanya kyakkyawan kafa a gaba.Ka sani, sau da yawa mutane za su sami tambayar, 'To, me kuke yi a matsayin masana'antu?'

Alƙawari daga ARPBA na Washington ya haɗa da haɓaka sannu a hankali farawa daga kashi 10 cikin 100 na abubuwan da aka sake yin fa'ida a cikin 2021 da haɓaka zuwa kashi 15 cikin 2023. Seaholm yana tunanin masana'antar za ta wuce waɗancan maƙasudin.

"Ina ganin ba shi da hadari a dauka, musamman tare da ci gaba da kokarin da 'yan kasuwa ke neman sake yin fa'ida don zama wani bangare na jakunkuna, ina tsammanin za mu iya doke wadannan lambobin," in ji Seaholm."Mun riga mun yi wasu tattaunawa da 'yan kasuwa masu son wannan, da gaske suna son ra'ayin inganta abubuwan da aka sake yin fa'ida a cikin jakunkuna a matsayin wani bangare na sadaukar da kai ga dorewa."

Matakan abubuwan da aka sake fa'ida sun yi daidai da yadda ƙungiyar Recycle More Bags ta kira a bazarar da ta gabata, haɗin gwiwar gwamnatoci, kamfanoni da ƙungiyoyin muhalli.

Wannan rukunin, duk da haka, yana son matakan da gwamnatoci suka ba da izini, suna masu jayayya cewa alkawurra na son rai "mai yuwuwa direba ne don samun canji na gaske."

 

Seaholm ya ce masu yin jakar filastik suna adawa da rubuta alkawuran da aka yi a cikin doka, amma ya nuna wasu sassauci idan gwamnati na son bukatar sake yin fa'ida.

Seaholm ya ce, "Idan wata jiha ta yanke shawarar cewa tana so ta bukaci kashi 10 da aka sake yin fa'ida ko ma kashi 20 cikin 100 da aka sake yin fa'ida, ba zai zama wani abu da muke fada ba," in ji Seaholm, "amma ba zai zama wani abu da muke ingantawa ba.

"Idan wata jiha tana son yin hakan, muna farin cikin yin wannan tattaunawar… saboda tana yin daidai abin da muke magana game da yin a nan, kuma hakan yana haɓaka ƙarshen amfani ga abubuwan da aka sake fa'ida.Kuma wannan babban bangare ne na sadaukarwarmu, inganta kasuwannin karshe,” inji shi.

Matakin sake yin fa'ida kashi 20 cikin ɗari na jakunkuna na robobi shi ma abin da aka ba da shawarar hana jakan ƙira ko dokokin biyan kuɗi ta ƙungiyar muhalli ta Surfrider Foundation a cikin kayan aikin da ta ƙirƙira don masu fafutuka, in ji Jennie Romer, abokin shari'a a Gidauniyar Gurɓacewar Ruwa ta Gidauniyar.

Surfrider, duk da haka, ya yi kira ga tilasta resin bayan mabukaci a cikin jakunkuna, kamar yadda California ta yi a cikin dokar jakar filastik ta 2016 wacce ta kafa matakin kashi 20 cikin 100 na abubuwan da aka sake yin fa'ida a cikin jakunkunan filastik da aka yarda a ƙarƙashin dokarta, in ji Romer.Wannan ya tashi zuwa kashi 40 cikin ɗari da aka sake yin amfani da su a wannan shekara a California.

Seaholm ya ce shirin ARPBA bai ƙayyadad da yin amfani da robobi na bayan-masu amfani ba, yana mai cewa filastik bayan masana'antu shima yana da kyau.Kuma ba lallai ba ne shirin sake yin amfani da jakar-zuwa-jakar kai tsaye - resin da aka sake fa'ida zai iya fitowa daga wasu fina-finai kamar shimfidar pallet, in ji shi.

"Ba mu ga wani babban bambanci ko kuna shan bayan-mabukaci ko bayan masana'antu.Ko ta yaya za ku ajiye kaya daga cikin rumbun ƙasa,” in ji Seaholm."Wannan shine mafi mahimmanci."

Ya ce a halin yanzu abubuwan da aka sake yin amfani da su a cikin buhunan roba bai kai kashi 10 cikin dari ba.

Seaholm ya ce don biyan buƙatun kashi 20 cikin ɗari da aka sake yin fa'ida, mai yuwuwa adadin sake amfani da buhunan filastik na Amurka zai ƙaru.

Alkaluman Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka sun ce kashi 12.7 cikin 100 na jakunkuna, buhuna da nannade an sake yin amfani da su a shekarar 2016, a shekarar da ta gabata akwai alkaluma.

"Don samun lamba ta ƙarshe, don samun kashi 20 cikin 100 da aka sake yin fa'ida a duk faɗin ƙasar, a, muna buƙatar yin kyakkyawan aiki na shirye-shiryen dawo da kantin sayar da kayayyaki, kuma a ƙarshe, idan shinge ya zo kan layi," in ji shi."Kowace hanya, [muna buƙatar kasancewa] tattara ƙarin fim ɗin filastik polyethylene don sake sarrafa shi."

Akwai kalubale, ko da yake.Wani rahoto na watan Yuli daga Majalisar Kimiya ta Amurka, alal misali, ya nuna cewa an samu raguwar sama da kashi 20 cikin 100 na sake amfani da finafinan robobi a shekarar 2017, yayin da kasar Sin ta kara tsaurara takunkumi kan shigo da sharar.

Seaholm ya ce masana'antar jakunkuna ba sa son yawan sake yin amfani da su ya faɗi, amma ya yarda cewa yana da ƙalubale saboda sake yin amfani da jakar ya dogara sosai ga masu siye da ɗaukar jakunkuna don adana wuraren saukarwa.Yawancin shirye-shiryen sake yin amfani da shinge ba sa karɓar jakunkuna saboda suna haɗa injuna a wuraren rarrabawa, kodayake akwai shirye-shiryen gwaji don ƙoƙarin magance wannan matsalar.

Shirin ARPBA ya haɗa da ilimin mabukaci, ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce don haɓaka shirye-shiryen dawo da kantin sayar da kayayyaki da kuma sadaukar da kai don yin aiki tare da dillalai don haɗa da ƙarin harshe ga masu amfani game da yadda yakamata a sake sarrafa jakunkuna.

Seaholm ya ce ya damu matuka cewa yawaitar haramcin jakunkuna a jihohi kamar New York na iya cutar da sake yin amfani da su idan shagunan suka daina ba da wuraren da ake ajiyewa, kuma ya ware wata sabuwar doka a Vermont da za a fara a wannan shekara.

"A cikin Vermont, alal misali, tare da abin da dokarsu ke yi, ban sani ba ko shagunan za su ci gaba da samun shirye-shiryen dawo da kaya," in ji shi."Duk lokacin da kuka haramta samfur, kuna cire wannan rafi don sake amfani da su."

Duk da haka, ya bayyana kwarin gwiwa cewa masana'antar za ta cika alkawuran.

“Za mu yi alkawari;za mu gano hanyar da za mu yi, ”in ji Seaholm."Har yanzu muna tunanin, muna zaton cewa rabin kasar ba kwatsam ne suka yanke shawarar hana buhunan robobi kamar Vermont ba, za mu iya buga wadannan lambobin."

Har ila yau, shirin ARPBA ya tsara manufar cewa kashi 95 cikin 100 na jaka za a sake yin amfani da su ko kuma a sake amfani da su nan da shekarar 2025. An kiyasta cewa kashi 90 cikin 100 na buhunan robobi a halin yanzu ana sake yin amfani da su ko kuma a sake amfani da su.

Ya dogara da lissafin akan lambobi biyu: EPA na kashi 12-13 cikin dari na sake yin amfani da jaka, da kuma kiyasin da hukumomin lardin Quebec suka yi cewa ana sake amfani da kashi 77-78 cikin 100 na buhunan cinikin filastik, sau da yawa a matsayin masu yin shara.

Samun daga kashi 90 cikin dari na karkatar da jaka yanzu zuwa kashi 95 na iya zama kalubale, in ji Seaholm.

"Wannan shine burin da ba zai zama mafi sauƙi don isa ba saboda yana ɗaukar sayan mabukaci," in ji shi."Ilimi zai kasance mai mahimmanci.Za mu ci gaba da turawa don tabbatar da cewa mutane sun fahimci dawo da jakunkunan su cikin kantin.

Jami'an masana'antu na kallon shirin nasu a matsayin wani gagarumin alkawari.Shugaban ARPBA Gary Alstott, wanda kuma babban jami’i ne a kamfanin kera jaka Novolex, ya ce masana’antar ta zuba jari sosai wajen gina kayayyakin more rayuwa don sake sarrafa buhunan robobi.

"Yanzu mambobinmu suna sake sarrafa daruruwan miliyoyin fam na jakunkuna da fina-finan robobi a kowace shekara, kuma kowannenmu yana yin wasu yunƙuri da yawa don inganta amfani da jaka mai dorewa," in ji shi a cikin wata sanarwa.